Accelerated extractions of North Atlantic cod and herring, 1520–1790

نویسندگان

چکیده

We propose the concept of Accelerated Marine Extraction to signify two periods when rapidly increasing cod (Gadus morhua, Gadidae) and herring (Clupea harengus, Clupeidae) fisheries, c.1540–1600 c. 1730–1790, exceeded human demographic growth. Total landings vastly previous assessments more than doubled between 1520 1620 from about 220,000 metric tonnes (t) 460,000 t. Supplies European market peaked in 1788 at 1 million t before unrest connected with French Revolution brought many fisheries a temporary halt. Extractions increased food security times growth by almost doubling supplies fish protein per capita. While was most important species 1520, dominated through period 1540–1790, trajectories extractions differed significantly. Cod ten-fold 1790, driven strong sustained Northwest Atlantic. Herring remained stable 16th century but declined severely next 150 years. However, 1750, quadrupled, largely because Swedish west coast fisheries. The results fundamentally shift our understanding scale Atlantic past underline role marine resources for societies.

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ژورنال

عنوان ژورنال: Fish and Fisheries

سال: 2021

ISSN: ['1467-2979', '1467-2960']

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/faf.12598